Placeholder names are names used as , i.e., referring to things, places, or people, the names of which or of whom do not actually exist; are temporarily forgotten, or are unimportant; or in order to avoid stigmatization, or because they are unknowable or unpredictable given the context of their discussion; or to deliberately expunge direct use of the name. Placeholder names for people are often terms referring to an average person or a predicted persona of a typical user or for an individual whose name is unknown. Placeholder names serve as a "common language" that provide flexibility and clarity when talking or writing about concepts. Some "will distinguish between placeholders such as thingummy and placeholder names like John Doe".Petra M. Vogel, " Dingsbums and Thingy: Placeholders for Names in German and Other Languages", in Complex Words: Advances in Morphology, Lívia Körtvélyessy and Pavol Štekauer, eds. (Cambridge University Press; 2020), p. 364. In computer programming and printing, placeholder names allow a creator to test or visual the end product.
"" is a placeholder name for a Fiction or hypothetical everyman's restaurant. Although there are franchises that use the name, its Rhetoric use is often to describe a small, local business contrasted against large businesses or Chain store. The phrase " Eat at Joe's" is a complementary fictional or hypothetical typical advertisement for such an establishment, and has itself become a snowclone in the form of X at Joe's, Eat at Y's, or simply X at Y's. It has also been noted that "a 'Joe's Diner' is an example of a weak name that would likely be unsuccessful suing another Joe's Diner in another state" for trademark infringement.Barry M. Levenson, Habeas Codfish: Reflections on Food and the Law (2001), p. 116. The corresponding expression, "Eat at Joe's", was a frequently used gag in the Warner Bros. and MGM cartoons during the 1940s, typically used when an image of a neon sign or other complicated tubing would appear. Singin' in the Rain (1952), t. 1:17:02 Real world examples include Sloppy Joe's, an actual restaurant in Key West, Florida; Joe's Crab Shack, an American seafood restaurant chain that frequently uses the phrase "Eat at Joe's" for their restaurants; and Eskimo Joe's, an actual restaurant in Stillwater, Oklahoma that has also used the phrase.
Certain in the format exampletop-level domain (such as example.com, example.net, and example.org) are officially reserved as placeholders for the purpose of presentation. The term "test user" is also used as a placeholder name during software tests.
Podunk is used in American English for a hypothetical small town regarded as typically dull or insignificant, a place in the U.S. that is unlikely to have been heard of. Another example is East Cupcake to refer to a generic small town in the Midwestern United States.
In New Zealand English, Woop Woop (or, alternatively, Wop-wops) is a (generally humorous) name for an out-of-the-way location, usually rural and sparsely populated. The similar Australian English Woop Woop, (or, less frequently, Woop Woops) can refer to any remote location, or outback town or district. Another New Zealand English term with a similar use is Waikikamukau ("Why kick a moo-cow"), a generic name for a small rural town. McCloy, Nicola (2006). Whykickamoocow: Curious New Zealand Place Names. New Zealand: Random House. .
is used by authorities to identify unknown suspects, the name being an acronym for First Name Unknown, Last Name Unknown. If a person's first name is known but not the last, or vice versa, they may be called real Lnu or Fnu real, and an unidentified person may be Fnu Lnu. For example, a former interpreter for the United States Armed forces was charged as "FNU LNU", and a Muteness man whose identity could not be determined was arrested and charged with burglary in Harris County, Texas under the name "FNU-LNU" (charges were later dropped because authorities could not communicate with the man). Fnu-Lnu conjunctions may also be used if the person has only a single name, as in . The name has been considered a source of humor when Fnu Lnu has been mistaken for the actual name of a person.
X ben X (, or سين بن سين) is used in Morocco by health and judicial authorities in cases where an individual's identity cannot be determined. These cases include amnesiacs, suspects, hospital patients, and homeless people. In 2009, 80,000 abandoned orphans had the placeholder name of X ben X and 100 unidentified bodies are buried each year in Morocco under this status.
Element names from the periodic table are used in some hospitals as a placeholder for patient names, ex. Francium Male. Hospitals also use placeholder names for newborn babies.
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